Introduction: Respiratory distress constitutes one of the commonest cause of morbidity catherine lansfield ombre rainbow clouds eyelet curtains and mortality in the neonatal period.It is more commonly encountered within the first 48-72 hours of life.Aim: To find out the incidence, causes and outcome of respiratory distress in inborn newborn babies and also to determine the common organisms of pneumonia.
Settings and Design: A hospital based prospective study was carried out for a period of 7 months (October 2015 to April 2016) in the NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) of AMCH (Assam Medical College and Hospital).Materials and Methods: All inborn newborn babies admitted to NICU of AMCH who developed respiratory symptoms were included in the study.Maternal and baby details were filled up in a predesigned structured proforma.
Statistical Analysis: Data were entered in SPSS (Software package for statistical analysis), version 16 and the frequencies were analyzed.Results: Of all the inborn deliveries during our study period, 5.3% developed respiratory distress.
It constituted 22.4% of all NICU admission, 61.5% were males and 38.
5% were females.TTNB was the most common cause (42.8%) of respiratory distress followed by pneumonia (29.
6%), sepsis (8.9%), MAS (8.2%) and RDS (5.
9%).TTNB was more in term babies (54.6%), RDS among preterm babies (94.
4%) and MAS was found exclusively in the term babies.Of the 90 Pneumonia cases, sepsis screen was positive in 87.8% cases and blood culture was positive in 14.
4% cases.The most common organism was CONS (coagulase negative staphylococcus) which was found in four cases (4.4%), followed by acinetobacter in three cases (3.
33%) and klebsiella in two cases (2.2%).In the pneumonia cases, predisposing factors like PROM was detected in 25.
6%, maternal fever in 16.6% arrethe bush balm and foul smelling liquor in 11.1%.
The overall case fatality rate is 23%.Mortality is highest (77.8%) in RDS.
Conclusion: Respiratory distress is a common cause of NICU admission, TTNB being the commonest cause, followed by pneumonia.The burden of neonatal pneumonia is high in our NICU.